David b



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID B. HYDE, OF-BPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

ABRASWE WHEEL.

mm! forming part of Letters Patent It 687,958, dated Mb" 3, 1901.Application April ll, "ilsrllll'a ".181. (Is nodal.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Davin B. lives, a citisen of the United States,residing at 8 ring laid, in thecounty of Clark and Staten Ohio,

have invented certain new and useful imroventents in Abrasive Wheels ofwhich the ollowing is a specification, reference being bad therein totheaccompanying drawings.

This invention relates to abrasive wheels,

to and more particularly to that class of abrasive wheels in which theperiphery or edge of the wheel is utilised as an abrasive surface, thewheel itself being constructed of abrasive material, and has for itsobject to produce a u 5 wheel which shall have a wider capability ofadaptation to diiferent uses and a onger period of usefulness; and tothese ends the invention consists in certain novel features, which Iwill now proceed to describe and will so then particularly point out inthe elaimh.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of anabrasive wheel embodying my invention in one form. Fig. 2 is a verticalsectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is as side elevation of a modifiedform. Fig. 4 is a similar view of a second modification, and Fig. 6 asimilar view oi a third modification.

Abrasive wheels, disregarding the varlons methods of manufacture, varyas 'to go the kind of abrasive material eujlcyed, the condition of theabrasive materi as to coarseness or fineness, and the character of thebonding material employed. Thus the abrasive material may be emery,corundum,

5 carhorundum, dismonslte, or some other abrasive material, the severalmaterials diffaring in character and quality. Moreover, each of thesediifsrent materials may be employed in diflerent sizes, the grainsranging o from aeonaidersble size down to the tinest flour. Again, thecharacter of the binding medium as to hardness, due either to thematerial employed or to the treatment to which it is subjected, may varywithin a wide range. These several elements determine what ishereinafter referred to as the "character of the composition of whichthe sections or parts of the wheel are composed; and my inventionconsists in constructing an 5c abrasive wheel whereof that portion orthose portions nearest the center are of a eomposb tion of a characterdilerent from the on Mr or remaining portion or portions which liefarthest from the center.

An abrasive wheel constructed in accordance with my invention may becomposed of a plurality of sections or parts, any practicehis numbergreater than one being employed, these sections or parts differingsuccessively in character from the center to the periphery of the wheel,the several successive sections being preferably annular in form andtheir meeting and adyoining surfaces being referabiy irregular, notchedor toothed, an intertitt ng, so as to presentas lsrgeacontset-snrface aspossible.

When abrasive wheels of a certain degree of hardness and diameter havebeen in use for a given length of time at a given speed of revolution,it has been found in practice that during the wearing oi! of the firstinch or so of the wheel it cuts properly and wears in a satisfactorymanner. The remaining portion, however, wears much more rapidly than itshould it the same speed of the grinding-spindie be maintained. This iscaused by the working periphery of the wheel having a much lower surfaces when the diameter of the wheel is thus ecressed by wear, and where thewheel is of uniform character from center to periphery the wear is muchmore rapid, for the reason that experience shows that with a givenhardness of wheel the wear increases with the slowness of travel inproportion to the work done, and the slower the peripheral velocity theharder should the wheel be in order to accomplish thesame work with thesame wear and in the same time.

it. would frequently be advantageous to the user of abrasive wheels if awheel could be obtained of considerable diameter to be used that on workrequiring a corrse-grained sbra sive material until the wheel ispartially worn down, the wheel being then transferred to another machinerequiring a wheel of doorl lined abrasive material or used in the samemachine on such work. it would also be advautageous to the user toemploy a wheel which could be that need on work requiring a soft wheeland which when the wheel is partially worn down could be subsequentlyused on s diderent character ofwork requiring, for

j uasrtoho partial instance, a hard wheel. Again the varions abrasivematerials vary tly in cost, some being much more ennui: than others, andt e trcqnentiy advent us to the able to obtain a whee constructed iy ofLil expensive abrasive, such as oornndum, and partially of a cheaperabralvo, such as emery the peripheral or outer portion of the wheelbeing constructed, say. of corundnm and the inner or central portion ctemery, since the entire wheel would be less "pensive than oneconstructed of eornndum slot: 4, end after the outer corundnm portion isworn away the inner or emery portion could be used on work of thecharacter to which it is adapted. These several advantages 1 ob tain bthe construction which I have devised and w ich I have illustrated inseveral different forms, which I will now proceed to dese scribe.

Referring iiret to the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of thedrawings, I have there shown an abrasive wheel 1 built up ofannularseotions 2, 8, 4,'snd ii, diifering in the character of thecomposition em ioyed either as to the abrasive material emp oyed, thesize of the grains of the material, the bonding Inaterisi, as tocharacter or hardness, or as to any two or more oi these determiningelements. These several sections or parts are shown as annular in formand permanently united in the process of manufacture of the wheel, so asto form a single unitary wheel. It will be readily understood thstss thesuccessive portions or sections of the wheel wear away the wheel maybeemployed on other work or other machincsin connection with which it isadapted for use.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a wheel composed of a central portion 8 and anouter or pe' rlpheral portion (,oniy twosectious being employed and thetwo sections difleriug in the character of the compositions from whichthey are made in the manner hereinbefore 45 set forth, for it will beobvious that my invention is not limited to the employment of anydefinite nnmber'otssctlons, any number greater than one within thelimits of practicsbiiitz being within its scope.

so In constructions just referred to the defining-lines between thesections of the wheel are circular; but Ido not wish to be understood aslimiting myself to such a constructicn, and in Fire. 4 and ii I haveshown 55 constructions in wh oh the meeting surfaces ii of the sections0! the wheel are toothed or notched, so as to interlock with each other,and thus notonly present the greatestsmount possible of ccntactsurfaceto obtain abetter 6o adhesion between the sections, but also provide aninterlocking construction which will more firmly unite the sections andreduce the possibility of disintegration by bursting or otherwise Wheelsembed made by any 0 the known pm gm. pioiyed in the construction oiabrasive wheels, so as these processes are familiar to those skilled inthe art they require no particular description here. Itwlllbennderstood,however, that whatever the recess of manufactnre employedmay be-t at is tosay, whether the wheel iss tsmped wheel, a pressedwheel, a vitrified wheel or a vulcanized wheel-the Broncos emplo ed issuch that when the wheel completed t is a single or unitary mass,did'ering, however, as to the character of the various annular portionsof which it is com- I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself tothe dprecise details of construction herelubefcre escribed, as thesedetails may obviously be varied without departing from the principle ofmy invention.

I am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to construct apolishing-head of metal or the like for polishing stone by the use oi aseparate abrasive material not forming a portion of the head, such headbeing con etructed of bands of metal of gradually increasing hardnessfrom the center tothc outer edge and the head being mounted on a backingor an port of a width equal to the diamstar of e head and being so usedthat the list face or side of the head constitutes the working on rface.Such a construction is set forth in Letters Patent No. 451,327, grantedApril 28, 1891, to John Kiar. My proposed construction is distinguishedfrom this by the fact that the wheel itself is composed of abrasivematerial and that the periphery is the working-surface, theciamplngplates being of less diameter than the wheel.

Havin thus fully described my invention, what I n im so new, and desireto secure by Lbttcrs Patent, is-- 1. An abrasive wheol consisting of ainralityofannularsectionsdllferinginthec sractor of the abrasivecompositions of which they are composed, the peripheral or ed rtion ofthe wheel constituting the wor ug surface, substantially as described.

2. An abrasive wheel consisting of ainrslityofaunnlersectionsdifleringin the c or actor of the abrasivecompositions of which they are composed, the meeting surfaces of thesections being toothed or serrated to in terlocir and present largeoontacbeurfaces.

in testimony whereof I aflls my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DAVID ii. HYDE.

Witnesses:

Am. B. KUHKLE, Iavnrn Mihhlit.

ug my invention may be

